Publications

  • Vol. 50 (2019) Acta Physica Polonica B No 3. High-rank symmetries in nuclei: challenges for prediction capacities of the nuclear mean-field theories. J. Dudek, I. Dedes, J. Yang, A. Baran, D. Curien, T. Dickel, A. Gózdz, D. Rouvel, H.L. Wang. (vide)
  • Vol. 12 (2019) Acta Physica Polonica B Proceedings Supplement No 3. Shortening the way to experimental evidence for high-rank symmetries in atomic nuclei: researcher instructions. J. Dudek, I. Dedes, J. Yang, A. Baran, D. Curien S. Tagami, Y.R. Shimizu, H.L. Wang. (vide)
  • Vol. 12 (2019) Acta Physica Polonica B Proceedings Supplement No 3 About competition between tetrahedral and octahedral symmetries in atomic nuclei. I. Dedes, J. Dudek, J. Yang, A. Baran, D. Curien, H.L. Wang. (vide)
  • Vol. 12 (2019) Acta Physica Polonica B. Proceedings Supplement No 3. An algorithm of constructing potential energy surfaces for nuclear particle–hole excited configurations. A. Baran, J. Dudek. (vide)
  • A. Baran, M. Kowal, P.-G. Reinhard, L.M. Robledo, A. Staszczak, M. Warda: Fission barriers and probabilities of spontaneous fission for elements with Z$\geq$100. Nuclear Physics, Section A 944 (2015), pp. 442-470. Available online untill January 26, 2016.
  • J. Sadhukhan, K. Mazurek, J. Dobaczewski, W. Nazarewicz, J.A. Sheikh, A. Baran. Multidimensional Skyrme-density-functional study of the spontaneous fission of 238U. Acta Phys. Polon. 46, 575 (2015).
  • J. Sadhukhan, J. Dobaczewski, W. Nazarewicz, J.A. Sheikh, A. Baran. Phys. Rev. C 90 061304(R) (2014). Pairing-induced speedup of nuclear spontaneous fission.
    in Arxiv
  • A. Baran and A. Staszczak. Theoretical survey of superheavy elements. Acta Phys. Polon., 45, 273, 2014.
  • A. Baran and A. Staszczak. Fission of rotating fermium isotopes. Phys. Scr. 89 (2014) 054002. doi:10.1088/0031-8949/89/5/054002.
  • J. Sadhukhan, K. Mazurek, A. Baran, J. Dobaczewski, W. Nazarewicz, and J. A. Sheikh. Spontaneous fission lifetimes from the minimization of self-consistent collective action. Phys. Rev. C, 88:064314 (2013).
    arXiv:1310.2003v1 [nucl-th] 8 Oct 2013.
  • A. Baran and A. Staszczak. Stability of superheavy elements in Skyrme HFB approach. Acta Phys. Polon., 44, 283, 2013.
  • A. Baran and A. Staszczak. Rotational 2+ states of superheavy elements in Skyrme HFB model. Phys. Scripta, T154:014027, 2013.
  • A. Staszczak, A. Baran, and W. Nazarewicz. Spontaneous fission modes and lifetimes of superheavy elements in the nuclear density functional theory. Phys. Rev. C, 87:024320, Feb 2013.
  • A. Baran, J.A. Sheikh, J. Dobaczewski, W. Nazarewicz and A. Staszczak. Quadrupole collective inertia in nuclear fission: cranking approximation. Phys. Rev. C, 84:054321, 2011.
  • N. Schunck, A. Baran, M. Kortelainen, J. McDonnell, J.More, W. Nazarewicz, J. Pei, J. Sarich J. Sheikh, A. Staszczak, M. Stoitsov, S. Wild. Computing Heavy Elements. Proceedings of the SciDAC Conference, Denver, CO, USA, July, 2011. Available online at http://www.alcf.anl.gov/magellan and at http://arxiv.org
  • A. Baran, A. Staszczak, , and W. Nazarewicz. Fission half lives of fermium isotopes within Skyrme HFB theory. Int. J. Mod. Phys. E, 20:557-564, 2011.
  • A. Staszczak, A. Baran, , and W. Nazarewicz. Breaking of axial and reflection symmetries in spontaneous fission of fermium isotopes. Int. J. Mod. Phys. E, 20:552-556, 2011.
  • A. Staszczak, M. Stoitsov, A. Baran, and W. Nazarewicz. Augmented Lagrangian method for constrained nuclear density functional theory. Eur. Phys. J., A46:85-90, 2010.
  • A. Staszczak, A. Baran, J. Dobaczewski, and W. Nazarewicz. Microscopic description of complex nuclear decay: Multimodal fission. Phys. Rev. C, 80:014309, 2009.
  • A. Baran, J. A. Sheikh, and W. Nazarewicz. Adiabatic mass parameters for spontaneus fission. Int. J. Mod. Phys. E, 18:1054-1057, 2009.
  • A. Baran, J. A. Sheikh, A. Staszczak, and W. Nazarewicz. Fission quadrupole mass parameters in HF+BCS and HFB methods. Int. J. Mod. Phys. E, 18:1049-1053, 2009.
  • Andrzej Baran, Aurel Bulgac, Michael McNeil Forbes, Gaute Hagen, Witold Nazarewicz, Nicolas Schunck, and Mario V. Stoitsov. Broyden's method in nuclear structure calculations. Phys. Rev. C, 78(1):014318, Jul 2008.
  • Z. Łojewski and A. Baran. Spontaneous fission half lives of Z=112 isotopes. Int. J. Mod. Phys. E, 17:253-258, 2008.
  • A. Baran, J. Dobaczewski, W. Nazarewicz, and A. Staszczak. Fission and fusion of nuclei within the Skyrme-Hartree-Fock theory. Polish Nuclear Physics Network PNPN, 2007.
  • A. Baran, Z. Łojewski, B. Nerlo-Pomorska, K. Pomorski, and M. Warda. Global properties of nuclei. Polish Nuclear Physics Network PNPN, 2007.
  • A. Baran, A. Staszczak, J. Dobaczewski, and W. Nazarewicz. Collective inertia and fission barriers within the Skyrme-Hartree-Fock theory. Int. J. Mod. Phys. E, 16:443-451, 2007.
  • A. Baran, Z. Łojewski, and K. Sieja. Pairing and α-decay. Int. J. Mod. Phys. E, 16:320-327, 2007.
  • K. Sieja, T.L. Ha, P. Quentin, and A. Baran. Particle number conserving approach to correlations. Int. J. Mod. Phys. E, 16:289-297, 2007.
  • K. Sieja, A. Baran, and P. Quentin. Skyrme force-like extension of the pairing interaction. Physica Scripta, T125:220-221, 2006.
  • A. Baran, Z. Łojewski, and K. Sieja. Superheavy nuclei in different pairing models. Int. J. Mod. Phys. E, 15:452, 2006.
  • K. Sieja and A. Baran. Proton-neutron pairing in Lipkin-Nogami approach. Acta Phys. Pol. B, 37:107-113, 2006.
  • A. Baran. Neutron halo in heavy nuclei. J. Phys. G, 31:S1823-S1826, 2005. doi:10.1088/0954-3899/31/10/080.
  • A. Baran, Z. Łojewski, K. Sieja, and M. Kowal. Global properties of even-even superheavy nuclei in macroscopic-microscopic models. Phys. Rev. C, 72:044310-1-13, 2005.
  • A. Baran, Z. Łojewski, and K. Sieja. Ground state properties of superheavy elements in macroscopic-microscopic models. Eur. Phys. J. A, 25:s01, 611-612, 2005. The 4th Int. Conf. on Exotic Nuclei and Atomic Masses , ENAM04, Pine Mountain, Georgia, USA, 2004.
  • A. Baran, Z. Łojewski, and K. Sieja. Ground state properties of superheavy elements in macroscopic-microscopic models. Eur. Phys. J. A direct, DOI: 10.1140/epjad/i2005-06-006-4:1-2, 2005.
  • A. Baran, Z. Łojewski, and K. Sieja. Masses and half-lives of superheavy elements. Acta Phys. Pol. B, 36:1369-1372, 2005.
  • A. Baran, M. Kowal, Z. Łojewski, and K. Sieja. Properties of superheavy nuclei in various macroscopic-microscopic models. Int. J. Mod. Phys. E, 14:365, 2005.
  • A. Baran and K. Sieja. Neutron-proton pairing in 64Ge. Int. J. Mod. Phys. E, 14:445, 2005.
  • A. Baran, Z. Łojewski, and K. Sieja. Ground state properties of superheavy nuclei. In Int. Conf. on Exotic Nuclei and Atomic Masses, ENAM'04, pages -, Callaway Gardens, Pine Mountain, Georgia, September 12-16, 2004.
  • A. Baran and K. Sieja. δ-pairing forces and nuclear masses. Int. J. Mod. Phys. E, 13:113-116, 2004.
  • K. Sieja, A. Baran, and K. Pomorski. δ-pairing forces and collective pairing vibrations. Eur. Phys. J., 20:413-418, 2004.
  • A. Baran and P. Mierzyński. Bethe plots and neutron halo. Acta. Phys. Polonica, B 35:2293-2301, 2004.
  • A. Baran and P. Mierzyński. Nuclear periphery in mean field models. Int. J. Mod. Phys. E, 13:337-340, 2004.
  • A. Baran, Z. Łojewski, and K. Sieja. State dependent δ-pairing and spontaneous fission. Int. J. Mod. Phys. E, 13:353-356, 2004.
  • K. Sieja and A. Baran. Comparison of δ- and Gogny-type pairing interactions. Acta. Phys. Polonica B, 35:1291-1297, 2004.
  • K. Sieja and A. Baran. State dependent δ-pairing force with Nilsson models: Nuclear shapes, radii and masses. Phys. Rev. C, 68:044308, 2003.
  • A. Baran. The shortest patht problem. Annales UMCS Informatica, Sectio AI, 297-301:1801-1813, 2003.
  • Z. Łojewski, A. Baran, and K. Pomorski. Spontaneous fission and α-decay half-lives of superheavy nuclei in different macroscopic energy models. Acta Phys. Polonica B, 34:1801-1813, 2003.
  • A. Baran, K. Pomorski, and J. Bartel. Extended Thomas-Fermi estimates of single particle potentials for doubly magic and superheavy nuclei. Annales UMCS, Sectio AAA, LVII:23-65, 2002.
  • A. Baran. Relativistic mean field antinucleon-nucleus potential. Acta. Phys. Polonica B, 32:1025-1031, 2001.
  • A. Baran. Relativistic mean field calculations of single particle potentials. Phys. Rev. C, 61:024316 :1-10, 2000.
  • Z. ojewski and A. Baran. Spontaneous Fission and α-decay Half-lives of Superheavy Nuclei. Acta Phys. Pol. B, 31:485-493, 2000.
  • A. Baran and Z. ojewski. Single PARTICLE Nuclear Levels in Extended Thomas-Fermi Potentials. Acta Phys. Pol. B, 31:411-416, 2000.
  • Z. Patyk, A. Baran, J.F. Berger, J. Dobaczewski J. Dechargé, P. Ring, and A. Sobiczewski. Masses and radii of spherical nuclei calculated in various microscopic approaches. Phys. Rev. C, 59:704-713, 1999.
  • Z. Patyk, A. Baran, J.F. Berger, J. Dobaczewski J. Dechargé, P. Ring, and A. Sobiczewski. Theoretical masses and charge radii of stable and exotic nuclei. In World Scientific, editor, Int. Conf., pages 497-502, Dubna,, 1998.
  • A. Baran, K. Pomorski, and M. Warda. Neutron halos in heavy nuclei, relativistic mean field approach. Z. Phys, A 357:33-38, 1997.
  • A. Baran. Quality of Skyrme-Hartree-Fock calculations. In Annual Report IF UMCS 1996, pages 15-16. UMCS, Radziszewskiego 10, 20 031 Lublin, Poland, 1997.
  • A. Baran and M. Warda. Properties of β-stable nuclei from rmf model. In Annual Report IF UMCS 1996, pages 13-14. UMCS, Radziszewskiego 10, 20 031 Lublin, Poland, 1997.
  • K. Pomorski, P. Ring, G.A. Lalazissis, A. Baran, Z. Łojewski, B. Nerlo-Pomorska, and M. Warda. Ground state properties of the β stable nuclei in various mean field theories. Nucl. Phys., A 624:349-369, 1997.
  • A. Staszczak, Z. Łojewski, A. Baran, Nerlo-Pomorska B., and K. Pomorski. Stability of the heaviest nuclei on spontaneous-fission and alpha-decay. In Slovak Republik, editor, Dynamical Aspects of Nuclear Fission, pages 22-35, Casta-Papernicka, - 1996.
  • Andrzej Baran. Rozpady jąder atomowych i ich własności w stanach podstawowych. 1996. (Rozpady, pdf, polish version)
  • Andrzej Baran. W pajęczynie Internetu. Przewodnik dla początkujących. 1996. W pajęczynie...
  • A. Baran. Comparison of nuclear masses and radii calculated within various microscopic approaches. In I. F. UMCS Report, pages 15-16. UMCS, 1996.
  • A. Baran and Z. Łojewski. The staggering of nuclear radii. In I. F. UMCS Report, pages 13-14. UMCS, 1996.
  • A. Baran, K. Pomorski, and M. Warda. Nuclear density distribution and neutron halo. In I. F. UMCS Report, pages 17-18. UMCS, 1996.
  • Z. Patyk, A. Baran, J.F. Berger, J. Dechargé, J. Dobaczewski, R. Smola\'nczuk, and A. Sobiczewski. On the quality of microsscopic descriptions of nuclear mass. Acta Phys. Pol., 27:457-462, 1995.
  • A. Baran. Nuclear level densities in Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov model. Annales Universitatis Maria Curie-Skłodowska, L/LI, Sec. AAA:55-78, 1995/1996.
  • A. Baran and Z. Łojewski. Systematics of α half-lives of heaviest nuclei. Nukleonika, 41:3-22, 1996.
  • A. Baran and W. Höhenberger. Gd isotopes systematics with Skyrme and δ-pairing forces. Phys. Rev. C, 53:1571-1579, 1996.
  • A. Baran and Z. Łojewski. Alpha decay half-lives of heavy nuclei. Annales Universitatis Maria Curie-Skłodowska, XLVIII, 3:31-46, 1993.
  • A. Baran and K. Pomorski. Nuclear density distribution and neutron halo. In M. de Saint Simon and O. Sorlin, editors, Proc. Int. Conf. on Exotic Nuclei and Atomic Masses, pages 281-282, Arles, France, June, 19-23 1995. GANIL.
  • A. Baran and W. Höhenberger. Ground state properties of strontium isotopes. Phys. Rev. C, 52:2242-2245, 1995.
  • A. Baran, J. L. Egido, B. Nerlo-Pomorska, K. Pomorski, P. Ring, and L. M. Robledo. Mean-field calculations of protons and neutrons distributions in Sr, Xe and Ba isotopes. J. Phys. G: Nucl. Part. Phys., 21:657-668, 1995.
  • A. Baran and Z. Łojewski. Analysis of numerical errors in calculations of fission half-lives. Nukleonika, 39:77-90, 1994.
  • A. Baran and Z. Łojewski. Temperature dependence of mass parameters and fission barriers. Acta. Phys. Polon., B 25:1231-1244, 1994.
  • A. Baran and Z. Łojewski. Fission numerics errors and corrections. Acta. Phys. Polon., B 25:621-627, 1994.
  • A. Baran, W. Höhenberger, and K. Pomorski. Mean field fission barrier calculations with new constraints. In I. F. UMCS Report, page 40. UMCS, 1994.
  • A. Baran, J. L. Egido, B. Nerlo-Pomorska, K. Pomorski, P. Ring, and L. M. Robledo. Mean-field calculations of protons and neutrons distributions in sr, xe and ba isotopes. In I. F. UMCS Report, pages 17-18. UMCS, 1994.
  • A. Baran and W. Höhenberger. Gd isotopes systematics with skyrme and δ(r) pairing force. In I. F. UMCS Report, pages 15-16. UMCS, 1994.
  • A. Baran and W. Höhenberger. Some properties of strontium isotopes. In I. F. UMCS Report, pages 13-14. UMCS, 1994.
  • A. Baran. Relativistic mean field theory and nuclear fission. In I. F. UMCS Report, pages 11-12. UMCS, 1993.
  • A. Baran. On spontaneous fission life times: Possible misconceit. In I. F. UMCS Report, pages 11-12. UMCS, 1992.
  • A. Baran and Z. Łojewski. Temperature-dependent cranking mass parameter. In I. F. UMCS Report, pages 13-14. UMCS, 1992.
  • A. Baran and Z. Łojewski. Error estimates in fission calculations. In I. F. UMCS Report, pages 11-12. UMCS, 1991.
  • A. Baran and Z. Łojewski. Alpha decay half lives of actinides. In I. F. UMCS Report, pages 13-14. UMCS, 1990.
  • A. Baran, A. Góźdź, J. Szymona, and M. Wiertel. Propagacja w światłowodach o gradientowym współczynniku załamania w stanie modowym nieustalonym. In Rozwój Technologii światłowodów 1986-1990, Raport Końcowy Tematu RRI-02, pages 502-521. UMCS, Lublin, Poland, 1990.
  • A. Baran. Path integrals in spontaneous fission. In International Conference on Fifty Years Research in in Nuclear Physics, page 58, Berlin, 1989.
  • A. Baran and J. Szymona. Feynman path integration in optics: Numerical example. In I. F. UMCS Report, page 11. UMCS, ul. Radziszewskiego 10, 20 031 Lublin, Poland, 1989.
  • A. Baran and Z. Łojewski. Woods-Saxon single particle model and microscopic mass parameters. In I. F. UMCS Report, page 9. UMCS, Radziszewskiego 10, 20 031 Lublin, Poland, 1989.
  • Z. Łojewski and A. Baran. Hexadecapole deformations for nonaxial shapes. Annales Universitatis Maria Curie-Skłodowska, XLIII/XLIV:165-177, 1988/1989.
  • A. Baran and J. Szymona. Feynman path integration in optics: Numerical example. Annales Universitatis Maria Curie-Skłodowska, XLIII/XLIV:7-19, 1988/1989.
  • Z. Łojewski and A. Baran. Half lives of heaviest nuclei with Woods-Saxon potential. Z. Phys., A329:161-167, 1988.
  • A. Baran and A. Staszczak. Stochastyczny opis procesu rozszczepienia jąder atomowych. In Materiały XXIX Zjazdu Fizyków Polskich, od z, 1987.
  • J. Szymona, A. Baran, A. Góźdź, and Piłat M. Teoriogrupowa analiza elementów optycznych w układach światłowodowych. III. Aberracje trzeciego rzędu. Annales Universitatis Maria Curie-Skłodowska, XLII(13):119, 1987.
  • A. Baran, A. Góźdź, J. Szymona, and M. Piłat. Teoriogrupowa analiza elementów optycznych w układach światłowodowych. II. Algebra aberracji trzeciego rzędu a3. Annales Universitatis Maria Curie-Skłodowska, XLII(12):113, 1987.
  • A. Góźdź, A. Baran, J. Szymona, and M. Piłat. Teoriogrupowa analiza elementów optycznych w układach światłowodowych. I. Podstawy. Annales Universitatis Maria Curie-Skłodowska, XLII(11):105, 1987.
  • A. Baran and Z. Łojewski. Spontaneous fission of isomeric states of actinide nuclei. Nucl. Phys., A475:327-337, 1987.
  • A. Baran, Z. Łojewski, and A. Sobiczewski. Isomeric states in 250Fm and 254No. In Proceedings of XXXV Conference on Nuclear Spectroscopy and Nuclear Structure, Charków, 1986.
  • A. Baran, Z. Łojewski, and Staszczak A. Path integrals in spontaneous fission. In Proceedings of XXI Winter School on Physics, Zakopane, Poland, page 394, Kraków, Poland, 1986.
  • A. Baran and Z. Łojewski. Spontaneous fission of excited states of actinide nuclei. In Proceedings of XVIIIth Summer School on Nuclear Physics, Mikoajki, Poland, 1986.
  • A. Baran and Z. Łojewski. Spontaneous fission of isomeric states in 250Fm and 254No. Phys. Lett., B176:7, 1986.
  • A. Baran, Z. Łojewski, and W. A. Kamiński. Energetyka jądrowa. Fizyka w Szkole, XXXII(180):4-12, 1986.
  • A. Baran and A. Staszczak. Influence of the pairing vibrations on the fission mode. In Proceedings of XVIIth Summer School on Nuclear Physics, Mikoajki, Poland, pages 306-312, 1985.
  • A. Baran. Gamma deexcitation process of highly excited states. In Proceedings of XXXV Conference on Nuclear Spectroscopy and Nuclear Structure, Leningrad, page 540, 1985.
  • A. Baran, Z. Łojewski, and A. Superson. Hindrance factors in spontaneous fission of double-odd-nuclei with Z > 98. In Proceedings of XXXV Conference on Nuclear Spectroscopy and Nuclear Structure, Leningrad, page 539, 1984.
  • A. Baran and A. Staszczak. Path integral approach to spontaneous fission. Annales Universitatis Maria Curie-Skłodowska, XL/XLI:25-38, 1985/1986.
  • A. Baran and Z. Łojewski. Spontaneous fission of double-odd nuclei in Ω-nonconcerving model. Annales Universitatis Maria Curie-Skłodowska, XL/XLI:15-23, 1985/1986.
  • A. Staszczak, K. Pomorski, A. Baran, and K. Böning. Coupling of the pairing vibrations with the fission mode. Phys. Lett., 161B:227-230, 1985.
  • Z. Łojewski and A. Baran. Spontaneous fission half-life-times of double-odd nuclei (Z ≥ 97). Z. Phys., A322:695-700, 1985.
  • A. Baran. Level densities at high spins on Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov basis. In Proceedings of XIXth Winter School on Nuclear Physics, Zakopane, Poland, pages 413-416, 1984.
  • A. Baran, K. Dietrich, and P. Ring. Separation of collective and statistical components for averaged transition probabilities in HFB model. In GSI Report, page 95. GSI, Darmstadt, Germany, 1983.
  • A. Baran and K. Dietrich. Calculation of energy averaged reduced transition probabilities (EARTP). In GSI Report, page 76. GSI, Darmstadt, Germany, 1982.
  • A. Baran and K. Dietrich. Gamma deexcitation process of 158Dy and realistic level densities. In GSI Report, page 77. GSI, Darmstadt, Germany, 1982.
  • A. Baran and K. Dietrich. Calculation of level densities (II). In GSI Report, page 79. GSI, Darmstadt, Germany, 1981.
  • A. Baran and K. Dietrich. Calculation of level densities for nuclei with high angular momentum (I). In GSI Report, page 78. GSI, Darmstadt, Germany, 1981.
  • A. Łukasiak, A. Sobiczewski, A. Baran, and K. Pomorski. Dynamical analysis of fission isomer half lives. In 4th International Conference on Nuclei far from Stability, Helsingör, 1981.
  • A. Baran, K. Pomorski, A. Łukasiak, and Sobiczewski A. A dynamical analysis of spontaneous-fission half-lives. Nucl. Phys., A361:83-101, 1981.
  • A. Baran, K. Pomorski, S. E. Larsson, P. Möller, S. G. Nilsson, J. Randrup, ukasiak A., and A. Sobiczewski. Dynamical Calculations of Spontaneous-Fission Half-Lives, volume I, pages 143-151. International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, 1980.
  • A. Baran, A. Superson, and K. Pomorski. New estimates for the parameters of the modified oscillator potential of the rare earth nuclei. Z. Physik, A295:299-301, 1980.
  • A. Baran. Dynamika jąder atomowych silnie zdeformowanych. Technical Report 1803/VII/PL/B, Institute of Nuclear Research, Warszawa, 1979. PhDThesis, Maria Curie-Skodowska University, Lublin.
  • A. Baran and K. Pomorski. New modified oscillator potential for nuclei in the actinide. Z. Phys., A291:175-178, 1979.
  • A. Baran and A. Sobiczewski. I2 (I+1)2 correction to rotational spectra of fission isomers. In Canberra B. A. Robson Australian AC Science, editor, Lecture Notes in Physics, page 487. Springer Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, 1978.
  • A. Baran. Some dynamical aspects of the fission process. Phys. Lett., 76B:8-10, 1978.
  • A. Baran, K. Pomorski, S. E. Larsson, P. Möller, and S. G. Nilsson. Dynamic calculation of the spontaneous fission half-lives for the heaviest nuclei. In CERN, editor, 3rd International Conference on Nuclei Far from Stability, Corgèse, Corsica (France), pages 537-541, Geneva, 1976. Institut d'Etudes Scientifiques.
  • A. Baran and S. Szpikowski. Exact diagonalization of the pairing-quadrupole hamiltonian for some simple cases. Folia Soc. Sci. Lublinensis, 16:37-42, 1974.